1,4 dihydropyridine derivative was first synthesized by Arthur Hantzschin in 1882. One pot synthesis of four component cyclo condensation of an aldehyde with an active methylene carbonyl component and ammonia gives 1,4 dihydropyridine. Dihydropyridine derivative constitute an important class of calcium channel blockers and proved to be valuable as they are part of an important class of drugs this class of drugs used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. Recent studies have also revealed that dihyopyridine derivatives exhibit several medicinal applications, including neuroprotectant platelet, anti aggregatory activity and as chemo sensitizer in tumor therapy.Due to the prominent activity of dihydropyridines different method for their synthesis have been reported using ionic liquid, microwaves and using various catalyst such as metal trifle, ceric ammonium nitrite, TMSI, polymers and organic catalyst. conventional Barnstead acid are used in organic synthesis and industrial process. However, these acid catalysts are corrosive, toxic, harmful, and difficult to handle, to dispose off and are difficult to remove from the reaction mixture for these reasons. Application of organic solvent at high temperature and metal catalyst increases cost of synthesis, affect the environment , longer the reaction time and time consuming workup. In order to remove this difficulty great effort are carried out to replace this conventional catalyst by new non-toxic and efficient has received great attention in research activities and industrial process. (From Inside The e-Book)